Sizing composition for paper or the like



Patented'oct. 3, i933 I Edward J. Johnstone, Lockport, N. Y.

No Drawing. Application November 29, 1929 Serial No. 410,656

. 4 Claims. .(ol. 134-21) More particularly, my invention pertains inpart to that portion'of the fieldfor sizing compositions of matter madewholly or in part of cellulose fibres, wherein such compositionsofmatter do not receive either a degree of heat or" a length of dryingtime, or both, that is commonly used in the manufacture of paper.

Also, through using the products and processes embodied in the presentinvention, it is possible to reduce, in the manufacture of paper, paperboard and other fibrous products composed wholly or in part of cellulosefibres, the use of high temperatures andprolonged drying time heretoforenecessary in the prior art.

It is a fact that, in order to secure the optimum sizing effect incompositions of matter containing cellulose fibres, either wholly or inpart, it has hithertobeen necessary to very thoroughly dry suchcompositions of. matter. This extreme degree of drying has entailed muchdifficulty in its accomplishment, particularly when the cellulosecompositions hereinbeforementioned have been thick and possess a highdegree of insulating .value. However, in any case, even in thin sheetsof paper, unless a most exacting and-rigorous degree of dryness isattained, the paper will-not be adequately sized to the optimum degree.

The scope of the present invention is, therefore, twofold, first, toincrease'the sizing of relatively thick compositions of matter composedwholly or in part of'cellulose fibres, and which offer a high degree ofinsulating value during their drying process; and, second, to permit ofmaking relatively thin compositions of matter composed wholly or in partof cellulose fibres in a more expeditious manner with the same amount ofheat as hitherto used, and at thesamerate of present production withless drying equipment.

From the foregoing it is possible, although not proven, that ordinaryrosin size such as'papermakers use requires the a removal of -moisturefrom it beyond a certain point or degree in order to have it exert itsoptimum sizing effect. Whether this is true or not, it is a fact that,unless compositions of mattersized in the ordinary,

manner with rosin size, are dried to a certain point the optimum degreeof sizing is not attained. I havefound that the hereinbefore-mentionedand other disadvantages of ordinary rosin size can be overcome wholly orin part by incorporating into the rosinsize an oleaginous materialderived from the so-called tall pine, particularly, but not wholly,indigenous to the Scandinavian countries.

This oil, known in Sweden as flytande harts,

sir rind coniros'iirron ea-must on THE appears on the market and iscommonly known as tallol, Swedish, resinous oil, pineolin, Swedisholein. Inmost cases, the just-mentioned oleagi nous material is aby-product derived from the well-known soda pulp. It also may bespecially extracted from the wood by suitable alkaline solutions and isobtained in Scandinavia by treating rosin-rich conifer wood with B.sodium hydroxide and hydrolyzing-the soaps obtained by mineral acids. Itis a dark brown relatively fluid oil which'does not solidify ordinarilyat C., is easily soluble in alcohol, acetone and ether butincompletely-soluble in spirits of turpentine and in benzone. 1

More specifically, in cooking rosin size according to known means,wherein rosin is added to aqueous'solutions of compounds of alkalimetals, I add also, and simultaneously cook, the hereinbefore-mentionedSwedish tallol. 1

As an example of the present invention, I may take one hundred parts ofrosin, by weight, and

add it little by little to an aqueous solution containing water to theamountof forty parts by weight of the rosin,in which is dissolved twentyparts byweight of soda ash, cook the beforementioned ingredients untilthe mass is molten, and then addten parts by weight of the rosin ofSwedish tallol. I may then cook the resulting mixture about five hoursuntil homogeneity is secured and a chemical, or quasi-chemical, orcolloidal paste results.

The foregoing is an example of my process and the product resultingtherefrom; but I do not in any wise restrict myself to thehereinbefore-mentioned proportions. I may, withoutin any wise departingfrom the scope of my invention, add as much as thirty percent of Swedishtallol instead of ten percent as hereinbefore mentioned, both quantitiesbeing by weight of the original rosin. And I may use more soda ash, morewater, etc., but the feature common in every caseis that I includetalloI in the rosin size for the purpose of reducing the melting pointof the rosin size; and. through this or other means permitting of theoptimum sizing of paper at final moisture contents in excess of thosehitherto attained.

In sizing paper, paper board and other compositions of matter composedwholly or in part of cellulose fibres according to the presentinvention, I take'the hereinbefore-mentioned combination or mixture ofSwedish tallol, rosinsize and water, and, according to known means,incorporate the same into the fibrous products hereinbefore mentioned,preferably during their formation and also preferably during the well--known beating process. i precipitate the hereinbefore-mentioned mixtureof tallol, rosin size and water, after adding it to the beater andthoroughly incorporating it with the cellulose pulp,

by the addition of sulphate of alumina, the alums or other known means.

The resulting mixture of sized pulp is then processed according to thedesired methodin order to produce the desired finished article,according to known methods; except that, as hereinbefore described, thematerials may be run more rapidly during the drying process, or run atthe same rate with a shorter drying period.

